Improvement in gas-motor engines



3 Sheets-:Sheet I.

G. W. DAIMLER. Gas Molar Engines.

Patented July 21,1874.

Q Wu Rita 5E 3Sheets-Sheet3 fi. WKDAIMLER. Gas Motor Engines.

53 Patentedjuly 21,1874

WI; I i-15 5E5 UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

eorrmnn- WILHELM- DAIMLER, on. MUELHIEIM-ONQTHE-RHINE, GERMAN EMPIRE.

IMPROVEMENT m GAS-MOTOR; gnomes.

Specification forinin g part of Letters Patent No. 153,245., dated July 21, 1874; application filed March 24, 1874.:

To all whom it may concern of the piston-rod and the connecting it with Be it known that I, GOTTLLEB .WILHE M' the slide-gear in such a manner that thework- DAIMLER, of MneIheim-on-the-Rhiue, in the iug of the one is made dependenton the posi- German'Empire, civil engineer, have invented tion of the other, and to theapplicatiou of a an Improvement in Gas-Motor Engines; and do governor to the slide-gear, so that the speed of hereby declare that the following description, the rotating shaft shall regulate the expendh taken in connection with the accompanying ture of gaseous fuel; The nature of these drawings hereinafter referred to, forms a fullimprovements willbe understood on'reference and exact specification of the same, wherein I to the accompanying drawings and to the have set forth the nature and principles of my figures and letters marked thereon.

.- said improvement, by which my invention may I Figure 1 represents a front view, partly in bedistinguishedfrom others of a similar class, section, of the improved engine. Fig. '2 is a together with such parts as I claim' and desire plan, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical 'to-secur'e'by Letters Patent-that is to say: section on line A B C- D of Fig. 1, and Fig.

I In the specification'of 'a patent granted-to 4 is a front view of the slideitnd the face on E. Langen and 11., A.. Otto oil-the 13th .whichit works. I 'August, .1867, No. 67,659, was described a c is the engine-shaft, mounted in bearings gas-motor engine, which operated in the folon brack ts E, projecting ,from a ring, E,

piston' fitted to an openwhich is bolted on the cylinder-top, the openlowing manner: A r topped cylinder, kept cool by a water-jacket, iug in the ring E being sufliciently large. to

- was raised so as to draw into the cylinder admit-ofthe piston f being taken out-of the .a mixture of air and combustible gas at atcylinder'without dismonntiug the shaft a or mospheric pressure, and a kindling-flame to its bearings; On the shaft a is mounted the ignite the gaseous mixture. The expantoothed'ring a, with its clutch aasimilar in si'on resulting from the ignition propelled action to-that described in. the specification the piston rapidly upward, after which, the above referred to, the toothed ring a being products of combustion being cooled within always in gear withthe rack f, which constithe cylinder, the superior pressure of the totes the pistoirrod, but being so clutched to external atmosphere forced the piston downthe shaft 0. that it turns freely and independa ward. The piston rod .had' on ita rack, eutly ofthe shaft in the'fione direction when which gears d with a wheel on the engine .the piston ascends-but that in the-other dishaft. This wheel was conuectedto the shaft rection, when the pistonis descending, it is by a clutch, which permitted it to revolve engaged with the shaft. This, as explained freely in the one 'direction'while the piston in the former specification; referred to, is efmade its upstroke, but by which it drove the fected by mounting the nave a, to which the shaft while the piston descended, The shaft toothed ring a is attached, loose upon the was provided with a heavy fly-wheel to keep shaft, and arranging within the toothed ring it running while the piston was ineffectiveon a, and "betweenit and the nave u, which is slide to admitthe'gaseous charge and igniting. rollers u, which give a it and with cams or eccentrics for working a fixed on the shaft, curved wedge-pieces and bite by friction when flame into theeylindenand topermittheescape the toothed ring turns. 1n the' one direction,

of the products 'of combustion, and also for but relieve themselves when it turns in the moving the pie ton so as to draw in the gaseous other direction. Although this kind of clutch is substantially the same in principle and accha-rge. I The present invention relates to improvetion as that formerly described, I have conments in the construction and arrangement of trived certain modifications in-theconstructiop hiefly t9 theconstruction.

parts of engines of this kind, having reference of' the parts, which I will nowdescribe. The and working o ijthe toothed ring a is preferably made of wroughtslide so as}; control one passe gefor ingress iron, but the hollows between its teeth are tonnd egress'i'roh -thecylindegto the guiding not cut out to the-outer edge, a portion of the metal being left at the end of each hollow. as shown, to act as a shroud for the teeth, giving them greater strength. The nave a, of castiron, is made with a lip to overlap a grommet on the other face of the toothed ring, and is shrunk on, so as to strengthen it against the bursting strain of the wedge-clutch within it. A ring-plate, u, is screwed on the outer face of the toothed ring to keep the wedge-clutches and rollers from shifting eudwise, and to enable these to be readily taken out for inspection or repair. The loose nave at is made. with a boss, a, projecting iutoa recess within the fixed nave u, which is made'with a bulge,

'p",.so that the oil employed to lubricate the loose nave, and escaping into the cavity within the fixed nave, is kept by the bulge n from flowing outward into the clutch, and is allowed to issue by a small pipe, u. The rack f is grooved at the back and works on a dovetail guide formed on the bracket '0, whichis secured on the top of the cylinder, and thus the rack is prevented from getting too deeply or too little in gear with the wheel a, and is always truly guided inadireetion parallel to the axes of the cylinder. Under the bracket '0 is fixed anannnlar bulier, 'F, of eaoutchouc,

against which the piston can strike in case of its too violent propulsion-upward. The lower part of the cylinder f is spread out to form a stand, f, for the engine, and on this extended partis bolted the waiter-jacket w,'which is carried up the whole height of the'cylinder, instead of extending only partially up the cylinder, as described in the former specification referred to. By this means a volume of water is kept ingzqntactwith the cylinder for cooling the same suflicient to render a 'continuous circulation of water unnecessary. The jacket extends under the cylinder, and below it is a space to which free access is given for. circulation of air. The cylinder-bottom f rests on a shoulder in the cylinder, and below the cylinder is a cover, f, which forms the bottom'ol' the water-casing. Both the covers,

f f, are secured in their places by one central bolt,f From the bottom of the cylinders passage, v, extends to the slide-facing, which is placed vsomewhat obliquely, as shown in Fig.1,so as to bring the axis of the slid'edn line'with-that oflthe shaft a, from which it is Y worked. The slide-cover h is held in place by a strong spring, 9, provided with a set-screw, h, which bears against the cover with a pressure that can be adjusted by screwing it more or less forward. The slide'facey has through it a passage, 3 for admission. of air, and has i in it a hole, to which is connected the pipe for the supply of combustible gas. The slide d. has in its upper part two recesses, d d, of

= which the one, d, faces the opening 3 and the other, d faces the hole 3; from the gas-supply,

i..- and in certain positions of the slide puts this hole in communication with another'hole, y, in the facing, from which hole there is a passagehaving a number of small apertures, 3 opening toward the recess '11 of the slide.

revolve freely.

When the slide is moved down so as to bring this recess to face the passage a, and the pieton is caused to rise somewhat for drawing in the charge of gas and air preparatory to performing its stroke, air enters by the passage 3 and recess d, and gas enters by y, a", and g and the small holes 3 also. to the recess (2!, and the air and gas, mingling, enter the cylinder by the passage .1. :Besides the gassupply pipe 3 there are two'other gas-pipes, y and h the one communicating with a hole,

1 in the slide-facing, and the otherwith a nicating with it, by whi-gn, when the slide is about the middle of its stroke, the flame I is put in communication with the gas from 3 As the slide ascends, cutting off the supply of gas and air, the inflamed gas in d is brought into communication with the gaseous mixture in the passage :0, and the contents of the cylinder are thereby ignited, their expansion propelling the piston upward. A recessed hole, (1, in the slide is made wide enough to extend over the passage ac, and also over a passage, y, at the side thereof in'the slide-facing. This latter passage communicates with an eduction-pi pe, as at Fig. 4, which may be pro vided with a screw-valve for moderating the issue of the'products of CODJbllShiOlL. When the slide descends again to or near its middle position, as shown in- Fig. 3, the productsof combustion issue from the cylinder by the passage m, the holes d and 'y, and the-eduction-pipc and valve. A'recess, h, in the slide cover allows a portion of theg'as and air to pass from the recess d, through thevpassage d, into the cylinder, when the slide is in such supply of the gaseous mixture to the-cylinder,

and Figfld shows it imposition for the ignition of the chargein the cylinder. 1

The working'of the slide (2 so as to opera e in the mannerdescribed, in due accord with the movement of the piston, is effected by mechanism which will now be described, which mechanism also imparts to the piston that portion of its upward movement which is necessary for drawing the gaseous charge into the cylinder, and is so arranged as to be under the control of (a governor.

The end of the rotating shaft a is bored up, and a spindle, b, is fitted therein so that it may On the end of the spindle b is a'crank, b,'the pin 0 of which is connected by .a rod, e,xto the slide (1. The crank I) also carrise a spring-pawl, p, engaging with the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, o, fined on the shaft a.

\Vhen thispawl is engaged with any of the h but when the pawl is disengaged, as shown in Fig. l, the crank b' remains at rest. The head of the rod 0 is made with a loop, 0, presenting a slotted hole, into which enters a pin on a rod, i, jointed to a lever, This lever is fixed to a rocking shaft, 1, from which project two arms, m and q. The one arm,m',has jointed toits end an upright rod, n, which at its top presents a fork, a, that receives apin project-' in g from the side of the rack piston-rod f. The

otherfarm, q, is pressed upward by a spring, q.

While the piston is at the lower extreme oi its stroke, the pin on its red resting in the iork ad, the arms at and 'q 'are-keptdown in-opposi1 tion to the spring q, and the pawl p being engaged with the ratchet-wheel o, thecrank Nis' causedto revolve with the shaft a. Initsrevolution theflcrank bworks the slide d Iby'means of the rod e,-and.it .also works the lever k and rocking shaft l during part of its motion, raisingthe arm m-ancl fork n, and thereby'rais'ing the piston, so as todraw the gaseous charge into the cylinder. During 'another part of the motion of the crank b'the arms at and were depressed, butnot to the full extent, the slot in whichthe pin of the rod works permitting the spring q to keep up the arm'q;in such-a posit-ion that as the pawl 12 isbrought round by the rotation oi the crank, a taihlp, projecting from the pawl is caught by the end of the arm q, and the pawl is-thus disengaged fromthe ratchet-wheel 0, which goes on revolving, while the crank remains at rest. But on the piston fully de-- scending, the pin on its rod, entering the fork it, pushes down the arm in, and thereby causes the arm q to be withdrawn from the tail p of the pawl, whereupon the pawl p is caused by its spring to engage-with the ratchet-wheel o, and thecran-k b is again-caused to revolve. The mechanism sofar described has, therefore, ,not only theefl'ect of giving to the piston and slide their proper mo'vements'when the cylin der. is cleared of products of combustion by the full descent of the piston, but of arresting these movements when the cylinder is not completely cleared.

The working of the piston and slide is also controlled by means of a governor in the 'followingmanner: A governor, 1. is worked by 'bevel gear Q from the revolving shaft a. When the balls of the, governor are expanded, owing to the rapid revolution of the shaft, a sleeve on the governor-spindle is raised, and the end t of a lever is raised, its opposite end s being depressedQ'On the. tail 1) of the pawl 1) is a projection, in, so placed that-when the end 8 ofthe, governor-lever is down this projection is brought by the revolution of the crank and pawl to catch on s. The pawl is thereby dis- .engaged from the wheel 0, and the crank b remains at rest, so that the piston-is not raised to charge the cylinder, nor is the slide moved.

When, however,'owing to the suspension of the moving force thus'efl'ected, the speed of the shaft a'becomesabated, the governor-balls collapse,- the sleeve descends with the end t 01' the governor-lever, the opposite end s, rises clear of the projection 1', the pawl 11 is per- -a fresh"'accession of the working force is requircd. V

Having thus described the natureof this invention, and the best means I know of car-- rying it into practical effect, I would have it understood that I do not claim, generally, a

gas-motor engine in which the combustion of a gaseous mixture propels a piston without doing work, and the superior pressure of the atmosphere causes the piston to make its rc-- turn stroke do the work; nor do I claim, generally, for such engines a slide whereby the gaseous mixture is admitted-to the cylinder and ignited by bringing it into communication with an external flame; but 7 I claim for a gas-motor engine of the kind above referred to' 1. The slide d, with ports'and passages 11" d d d,..,operating in combination with the slide-facin g 3 with ports and passages my 31 3 31" y, andwith the gas-jet h for the admission of gas and air to' the cylinder, for ignitiugthe explosive mixture therein, and for discharging the products of combustion there- 'fromthrough' one and the same passage, a,

substantially as herein described.

2. Thecrank 12, with its springpawl p, in combination with theratohet-wheel o, and with the lever k, the rocking shaft l and its arms at r on the pawl 12, for regulating the expenditure of gas according to the velocity of the engineshaft.

4. The toothed ring a, combined with the nave a shrunk thereon, and with the ring plate a and wedge-clutch, substantially as and for thepurposes herein described.

5. The recessed nave a of the clutch u, liar-- ing abnlgc, a, and pipe at, operating in C01- blnation with the boss e of the nave a, enter ing the said recess for preventing the oil from passing into the clutch, substantially as herein' described.

0 I I In testimony whereof I have in gned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing \vitncssesthis 7th day of February,

eor'rmna W1LHELM DAIMLER.

Witnesses: I

Emu. Lomumn, KASPAR BURGER. 

